Coke-oven and gas-producer.



PATLNTED JUNE 23, 1903.

No. 731,950.v

J. A. POTTER.

COKE OVEN AND GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1902.

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N0 MODEL.

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,m @Uli PATENTED JUNE 23, 1903.

J. A. POTTER. COKE OVEN AND GAS PRODUCER.

lAPPLIOATION FILED .TUNE 24, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

.PATENTED JUNE 23, 1903. J. A. PTTER.

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COKE OVEN AND GAS 'PRODUGER APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1902.

N0 MODEL.

wrm asses UNiTED STATES Patented June 23, 1903.

JOHN A. POTTER, OF PIT'ISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

COKE-OVEN AND GAS-PRODUCER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 731,950, dated June23, l1903. Application filed June 24,1902. serialNo, 112,958. (Nomodel.)

To all whom, t mag/concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN A. POTTER, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Continuous Coke and Gas Producers, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through a double battery ofgas and coke producers constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig.2 is a partial vertical section at right angles to that of Fig. 1through one of the batteries, and Fig. 3 is a cross-section on thebroken line III III of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-section showing theshear-operating mechanism.

My invention relates to the manufacture of gas and the coking of coaland is designed to provide an improved regenerative producer by whichthe gas formed may be taken oif and partly used in aiding the cokingoperation, in which the coke is compacted and made more dense, in whichthe. operation is continuous, so that there is no alternate heating andcooling of the oven, in which the percentage of sulfur is reduced andthe heat of the cooling coke utilized to preheat gas and air.

In the drawings I show a double battery of producers 2, built inparallel rows, with an open chamber 3 between the batteries. Eachproducer consists of a vertical stack having in the walls around itslower portion alternate air-fines 4 and gas-fines 5, which extend up andopen into an annular checker-work chamber 6, which surrounds the middleand upper portions of the producer and is provided with staggered bricks7, which baffle the iiames and support the inner wall or retort. Gas issupplied to the lower end of the gas-dues by valved branches 8, leadingfrom gas-supply pipes 9. The air-fines are open at their lower ends tothe outer air or may be connected to air-blast pipes. The iiame andproducts of combustion passing from the chambers 6 enter a common flue10, leading to a suitable stack, and the gases issuing from the upperpart of the producers pass through gas-oiftake 11 to gas-mains 12,

into the upper hoppers 14,

leading to a suitable tank or reservoir. The coal is charged from a car13, which travels lengthwise between the lines of two batteries, whichopen into the tops of the producers. The lower ends of these hoppers areclosed by bells 15, which are made with solid heavy bottoms, as shown,and are secured at the lower ends to sti vertical posts ,16, havingracks operated by pinions 17, which may be driven from a central mainshaft 19. By thus arranging the bells they act not only as closures forthe hoppers, but also as rams, by which the charge may be forceddownwardly in case it should cling to the walls in any part of the ovenwhile a portion of coke is being discharged at the lower end.

The lower ends of the producer-chamber are closed by horizontallymovingshearblocks 20, which rest and are reciprocated upon lower inclinedguides 2l, moving between these guides and castings 22, which form thebase of the producer and contain water cooling-pipes 23, supplied bybranches 24 from pipes 25. The shear-blocks are connected by rods 26 tocranks upon a shaft 27 having gear-wheels 27', intermeshing with pinions35 upon a shaft 36, having a toothed wheel 37, intermeshing with apinion 38 upon an actuatingshaft 28. The inclined or wedge-shapedbase-guide for the shear-blade acts to force it upwardly against thebasecasting when the blade is moved to close the producer-bottom, thussealing the opening.

To supply steam to the base of the charge in the producer, Iemployflexible hose-pipes 29, leading from steam-pipes 30 toupwardlydirected nozzles 31 in the shear-blade casting. The cokeemerging from the lower end of the producer when the shearblade isopened drops upon the base 32 and is sheared off and pushed out by theshear-blade when closing into coke-cars 33, traveling on lel with thebatteries.

In the normal operation of the producers the charging-bell being loweredafter a portion of coke is discharged from the lower end coal drops fromthe hopper upon the charge `and gradually descends toward the cokingzone. The center of this coking zone is at about the point marked a,where obsertracks paral- IOO vation-holes 34 are provided for examiningthe condition ot the heat, dro., of theproducer. As the eoking goes onthe gases produced in the coking operation pass up through the coalinthe ripper part of the chamberaud are drawn olf into the gas-mains.The gas necessary for coking the coal is drawn from the gas-reservoirand passed in through the gas-pipes to the lower ends of the tlues 5.Air passes in at the base of the air-lines 4, and this air and the gasrise through the fines 4 and 5 and unite at the tops of the flues in thechamber 6 at about the level marked a. As the air and gas rise throughthe fines, they are preheated by the heat radiating from the hot coke asit descends from the coking zone to the discharge-openings. This coke,which is at a temperature of about 5,00()Q at the coking zone, gives upits heat to the side walls of the retort as it descends from this zone,which walls in turn give up their heat to the gas and air passing up tothe combustion-chamber, so that when the coke reaches thedischarge-opening it will have then given up most of its heat. The heatot' this coke descending from the coking zone is also utilized forgenerating hydrogen gas by introducing steam through the pipes 29. Thissteam coming \in contact with the hot *cokeA is decomposed, the oxygenbeing consumed by the hydrocarbon contained in the coke, producing largequantities of hydrogen, which pass upwardly through the charge andassociate with the gases distilled from the coal, this being done at theexpense of heat in the coke and while the coking i process is going oninthe upper part of the oven. These gases and steam at the same timeremove from the coke any particles of sulfur and hydrocarbon which maybe left therein, thus improving its quality.

The preheated gas and air rising through the ilues around the base ofthe chamber 'unite in the combustion-chamber and are ignited, burningwithin this chamber, so as to supply heat through the retort-Walls tothe charge in the coking zone, thus producing a coking operation. thechamber 6 the flame and gases indirectly .heat the fresh entering coal,and thus prepare i it for the coking operation, the products passingfrom the top of this annular chamber to the stack. The coal at the upperpart of the burden is thus heated from the hot Walls, which are ofirebrick or refractory material, and this descending coal is broughtinto higher heats and gradually gasiied and prepared for the finalcoking operation within the coking zone.

' The shear-blade at the base of the producer is moved back from time totime as desired, thus allowing the charge to settle down, the cokedischarging upon the base of the lower chamber. The shear-blade thenbeing moved back shears off the column, and fresh coal being introducedat the top the operation thus proceeds continuously. In starting theapvious to those skilled in the art. By reason of the vertical stackarrangement of the producer or oven the Weight of the charge willcompact and density the coke, thus greatly improving its utility andstrength. The double-surface regenerative system utilizes the heat ofthe coke which has been produced in preheating the air and gases, whichare thenburned to carry out the coking operation. Further, the heat andgases of the burning gas serve to preheat the upper portion of thecharge and thus aid in the coking operation. The process beingcontinuous, the Walls are kept at a substantially uniform temperature,so that the life of the producer is much longer than in the intermittentprocess, where the entire oven is discharged and the entire new chargeput in. The coke being cooled down before discharging does not need tobe Waterquenched, and hence thesplittingup of the coke from the suddencooling is avoided and 75 The advantages of my invention will be obthedepositing of the impurities in the water sirable coking-coal, as .thetars will be deposited in the coal passing downl to the coking zone, andthe gases passing up through the charge can be taken off. The heat ofthe coke is also utilized for the formation of gas by introducing steaminto the lower portion 'of the charge, this steam being broken up "andincreasing and enriching the gas, aswell In the upper part of a ascarrying 0E the injurious sulfur constituents of the coke.

The regenerative 'lues may be used for heating air only or combustiblegases only or for heating both, as shown. The air or the combustiblegases may be led through the side to the upper ends of the regenerativeflues, and by the word gases in the claims I mean to include air orcombustible gas, and many other changes may be made in the form andarrangement of the producers, the regenerative system, the feed anddischarge mechanisms, and the other parts of the apparatus Withoutdeparting from my invention as delined in the claims.

I claim- 1. A coke and gas'producer of stack form arranged to contain avertical charge or burden, coal-feeding mechanism at the top thereof,mechanism at the bottom arranged to IOO IIO

shear ofi and discharge a part of the charge, and a gas-offtake in itsupper portion; substantially as described.

2. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form arranged to contain avertical charge, regenerative iiues around its lower portion havinggaseous inlets and arranged to heat said gases, a gas-offtake at theupper end of the producer and mechanism at the bottom of the producerarranged to shear off and discharge successive portions of the charge;su bstantially as described.4

3. A coke and gas producer having regenerative dues for gases around itslower portion, mechanism at the bottom arranged to shear oft' anddischarge successive portions of the column and a combustion-chamberaround its intermediate portion having airinlets and connected to saidilues; substantially as described.

4. A coke and gas producer having regenerative iiues around its lowerportion arranged to heat the gases therein, means for `supplying air andgas to the lower ends of the dues, and an annular combustion-chambersurrounding the middle and upper parts of the producer, and into whichsaid iiues open, said chamber having air-inlets; substantially asdescribed. A

5. A coke and gas producer having regenerative fines for gases aroundits lower portion, and a combustion-chamber containing bathe-bricksaround its upper portions and connected to the flues, said chamberhaving air-inlets; substantially as described.

6. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form having coal-chargingmechanism at the top, coke-shearing mechanism at its lower end,andapusher arranged to force the charge downwardly; substantially asdescribed.

7. A vertical coke-oven having a movable shear-blade at its lower end;substantially as described.

8. A vertical coke-oven having a casting at its lower end, and areciprocating shear-block movable between the casting and a lower guide;substantially as described.

9. Avertical coke-oven having a receivingchamber below its lower end,and a movable shear-blade arranged to cut off the protruding portion andclose the lower end of the oven; substantially as described.

10. A continuous coke-oven of vertical stack form, substantially closedto the outer air, mechanism for feeding of the stack, mechanism forshearing off and :removing a portion of the charge from the bottom ofthe stack, an inlet-pipe leading into the lower end of the stack, and asource of steam connected to said pipe; substantially as described.

11. A vertical stack coke-oven having a movable shear-blade at its lowerend, and a pipe leading through the shear-blade and opening into theoven; substantially as described.

12. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form, having regenerativefines around its lower portion, charging mechanism at its top, agas-otake leadingfrom the upper part of the stack, and a movableshear-blade at the lower end of the stack; substantially as described.

13. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form, having regenerativeliues around its lower portion, a combustion chamber around its upperportions into which the lues open, a gas-oiftake from the upper end ofthe producer, a stack-ilue leading from the upper end of thecombustion-chamber, and a movable shear-blade at the lower end of thestack; substantially as described.

14. A coke and gas producer of vertical stack form, with mechanism forshearing oi and'discharging successive lower portions of the charge, anda gas-offtake at its upper end, regenerative tlues around the lowerportion of the stack and arranged to heat the gases contained in saidlues, and a gas-supply channel connected to the regenerative fines at apoint intermediate of the height of the stack; substantially asdescribed.

15. Acoke and gas producer, having mechanism at its lower end arrangedto shear oi and discharge successive portions of the charge,regenerative flues for gases around the lower portion of the producer, acombustion-chamber around its intermediate portion having air-inlets andconnected to the regenerative fines, and a gaseous supply-channelconnected to the regenerative lines; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN A. POTTER.

coal into the top Witnesses:

L. M. REDMAN, H. M. CoRWIN.

ICO

